@article {542876,
	title = {Cognate stimulatory B-cell-T-cell interactions are critical for T-cell help recruited by glycoconjugate vaccines.},
	journal = {Infect Immun},
	volume = {67},
	number = {12},
	year = {1999},
	month = {1999 Dec},
	pages = {6375-84},
	abstract = {Covalent linkage of a bacterial polysaccharide to an immunogenic protein greatly enhances the carbohydrate{\textquoteright}s immunogenicity and induces polysaccharide-specific B-cell memory in vivo. These findings have spurred the development of glycoconjugate vaccines for serious bacterial infections. The specific B-cell-T-cell interactions responsible for recruitment of T-cell help by glycoconjugate vaccines are not well defined. We used mice deficient in molecules critical for stimulatory, cognate B-cell-T-cell interactions to study how T cells improve the immunogenicity of a glycoconjugate vaccine against group B streptococcal disease. Isotype switching to immunoglobulin G (IgG) was abrogated in mice deficient in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen (Ag)-T-cell receptor (TCR), B7-CD28, or CD40-CD40L interactions. However, expression of either the B7-1 or the B7-2 molecule on antigen-presenting cells was sufficient for optimal T-cell costimulation. T cells activated by the vaccine also played a pivotal role in determining the magnitude of the IgM response to the polysaccharide. Comparable results were obtained with pathway antagonists. These data suggest that MHC class II Ag-TCR, B7-CD28, and CD40-CD40L interactions are critical for immune responses to glycoconjugate vaccines in vivo.},
	keywords = {Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial, Antigens, CD, Antigens, CD40, Antigens, CD80, Antigens, CD86, B-Lymphocytes, Bacterial Vaccines, CD40 Ligand, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, Immunoglobulin G, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Nude, Mice, Transgenic, Polysaccharides, Bacterial, Streptococcus agalactiae, T-Lymphocytes, Vaccination, Vaccines, Conjugate},
	issn = {0019-9567},
	author = {Guttormsen, H K and Sharpe, A. H. and Chandraker, A K and Brigtsen, A K and Sayegh, M H and Kasper, D L}
}
