@article {542746, title = {Cutting edge: inducible costimulator protein regulates both Th1 and Th2 responses to cutaneous leishmaniasis.}, journal = {J Immunol}, volume = {168}, number = {3}, year = {2002}, month = {2002 Feb 1}, pages = {991-5}, abstract = {The CD28 family member inducible costimulator protein (ICOS) has an important role in T cell differentiation and Ig class switching. To investigate the role of ICOS in vivo, ICOS-/- mice were infected s.c. with Leishmania mexicana. While wild-type mice developed large, cutaneous lesions, the growth of lesions and tissue histopathology was significantly delayed in ICOS-/- mice. ICOS-/- mice exhibited marked decreases in both Th1 and Th2 cytokine production and profound defects in L. mexicana-specific Ig isotype class switching to IgG1 and IgG2a and reduced total IgE levels. Our findings indicate that ICOS is a key regulator of both Th1 and Th2 responses and has a role in controlling cutaneous L. mexicana infection.}, keywords = {Animals, Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, Cytokines, Down-Regulation, Female, Immunoglobulin Class Switching, Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein, Leishmania mexicana, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, Lymphocyte Activation, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Knockout, Th1 Cells, Th2 Cells}, issn = {0022-1767}, author = {Greenwald, Rebecca J and McAdam, Alexander J and van der Woude, Diane and Satoskar, Abhay R and Sharpe, Arlene H} }