@article {542581,
	title = {Deletion of a conserved Il4 silencer impairs T helper type 1-mediated immunity.},
	journal = {Nat Immunol},
	volume = {5},
	number = {12},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004 Dec},
	pages = {1251-9},
	abstract = {Helper T cell differentiation involves silencing as well as activation of gene expression. We have identified a conserved silencer of the gene encoding interleukin 4 (Il4) marked by DNase I hypersensitivity (HS IV) and permissive chromatin structure in all helper T cells. Deletion of HS IV increased Il4 and Il13 transcription by naive T cells and led to T helper type 2 skewing in vitro. HS IV controlled Il4 silencing during T helper type 1 differentiation, as HS IV-deficient T helper type 1 cells that expressed interferon-gamma also produced abundant interleukin 4 in vitro and in vivo. Despite mounting a vigorous interferon-gamma response, HS IV-deficient mice were more susceptible to Leishmania major infection than were wild-type littermate control mice, showing a critical function for Il4 silencing in T helper type 1-mediated immunity.},
	keywords = {Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Chromatin, Conserved Sequence, Cytokines, Deoxyribonuclease I, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Silencing, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Interleukin-4, Leishmania major, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Deletion, Th1 Cells, Th2 Cells},
	issn = {1529-2908},
	doi = {10.1038/ni1135},
	author = {Ansel, K Mark and Greenwald, Rebecca J and Agarwal, Suneet and Bassing, Craig H and Monticelli, Silvia and Interlandi, Jeneen and Djuretic, Ivana M and Lee, Dong U and Sharpe, Arlene H and Alt, Frederick W and Rao, Anjana}
}
